#169 Castle Tioram
3 miles N of Acharacle, Moidart
South Highland, Scotland
13th century curtain wall with 14th century tower, plus additions
This is NOT an official Lego site

Castle Tioram [pron. "cheerum"] is a pentagonal curtain wall castle, probably begun in the 13th century on the highest point on a small tidal island at the confluence of the River Shiel into Loch Moidart.  It's setting bears a striking resemblance to that of more famous Eilean Donan Castle about 40 miles to the north as the crow flies.  The earliest known stone fortification was the curtain wall [enceinte] built most likely in the 13th century by the father or grandfather of Cairistiona Nic Ruaidhri [Christina MacRuari or MacRory].  Tradition has it that Christina bequeathed the island and castle to her niece, Áine Nic Ruaidhri [Amie MacRuari], the wife of John of Islay, 1st Lord of the Isles. [Note: the Lordship of the Isles was a powerful nominally Norwegian, but mostly independent kingdom, which included the Western Isles, Shetlands, Orkneys and the Isle of Skye.  Their rule was assured by fleets of galleys called "birlinns".]  Amie was apparently divorced by her husband [after producing 3 children for him] so he could marry Margaret, the 3rd child of King Robert II of Scotland.  Amie apparently retired to Castle Tioram, built the original tower about 1350, and raised her children there, the firstborn Ranald growing to become the first chieftain of ClanRanald around 1373.  
The castle on Eilean Tioram [Dry Island] remained in the hands of ClanRanald pretty much continuously until the beginning of the 20th century, despite several fairly brief forfeitures. The ClanRandalds, as stauch supporters of the MacDonald Lords of the Isles, were in more or less continuous conflict with the Scottish Crown, periodically armed and violent.  Alan Macruari won the Battle of Harlaw in 1411, but the 4th chieftain was executed by the Crown in 1509. A major schism occurred about 1540 when the 5th chieftain, Ranald Bane, died.  His son, Ranald "Galda" [the stranger], the rightful heir, had married the daughter of Lord Lovat of Clan Fraser.  The Frasers and Gordons were at odds with the MacDonalds, so the clansmen of ClanRanald chose a cousin, John of Moidart, to be chieftain.  Both Ranald and Lord Lovat were killed in 1544 when the rest of the clan won a very bloody battle at Loch Lochy.  In 1554 the Crown sent the Gordon Earl of Huntly with an army to subdue ClanRanald, but he wisely decided that an attack against highlanders in the Highlands would be suicide.  Meanwhile the Duke of Argyll was bombarding Castle Tioram from the sea.  John of Moidart turned his force from Huntly's army to the castle, and drove off the Campbell Duke of Argyll, who may have occupied Tioram briefly.  Repair work in the 19th century revealed pieces of cannon ball embedded in the seaside walls.
Skirmishes with Crown authority continued through the 16th and 17th centuries.  Despite imprisonments and forfeitures, improvements were made to the castle on several occasions [see below].  ClanRanald supported Charles I and the Jacobite cause as well as the Counterreformation. In 1685 Allan, the 14th chieftain, elected to live elsewhere, and Castle Tioram was garrisoned by Government troops from 1692 to 1715, when the castle was reported to be in great disrepair.  In September 1715 Allan retook his castle with its garrison of 14, and burnt it, although the extent of the damage may have been modest.  The ClanRanalds apparently began to act like English gentry, spending wildly, and were forced to sell their lands, including Eilean and Castle Tioram in the early 19th century.  The castle passed through a variety of owners until it was purchased in 1997 by Lex Brown, a retired RAF helicopter pilot, who made a fortune in air cargo and oil exploration.  He has been attempting in vain to spend 4.5 million pounds restoring the castle, but has been stonewalled by the government and Historic Scotland who prefer the castle remain a ruin for tourists to admire.
General Plan showing the
current state of the ruin
 
Here's the elevation of the NNE
curtain wall, with the entrance
door, and highlighting the raising
of the original curtain wall height
This is the SSE curtain
elevation, with the original
postern door and crenels
The courtyard elevation looking SSE
which highlights the original tower
(note the original crenellated
parapet.)
Phase 1 of Castle Tioram
consisted of a 13th C cren-
ellated curtain wall on the
island's highest point
Phase 2: A modest tower of
cellar, 2 stories and a garret
was added in the 14th C
Phase 3: A 2-story Hall was
added along both the NW and
SW curtains, and an additional
story was added to the tower
in the 16th century
Phase 4: The Hall was
extended, and raised into
a tall western tower with
corner rounds.  First postern
blocked due to new kitchen.
Phase 5: From abandonment
about 1719 to the present,
numerous modest repairs
and consolidations have
taken place...

 

Photos of the Lego Model
Under Construction in March - April 2018
Construction begins on March 15-16,
with the pentagonal curtain laid out...
 
...atop a fairly gentle slope on the highest
point on Eilean Tioram [Dry Island].
By St. Patrick's Day, walls have
risen, stairs to the curtain's
wall walk have appeared...
...as have stairs to the first floor of
the modest tower of Amie MacRory.
There is also a small stable to
protect the horses used on those
journeys not done by ship.
By March 21 the curtain
walls have reached the
level of the wall walk.
The timber kitchen and
barracks are complete along
the curtain...
...and the keep is ready for its
third floor and garret.

 

Photos of the Lego Model
Built March 2018
By March 23, Castle Tioram
has battlements, chimneys
and even flags of the Isles.

The east curtain features only
the garderobe chute, which
empties latrines on two levels
of the keep.
The view from the south
highlights the postern
exit from Tioram.
From the southwest you
can appreciate the archers'
bays protecting the main
entrance to the castle.

The northwest view shows
off Amie MacRory's modest
tower very nicely.
Finally, the view of
Castle Tioram from
the north.
This view of the small
courtyard emphasizes the
trio of buildings supporting
the main accommodation.
There's plenty of activity for both
adults and children at the
isolated castle.

 

Build Your Own
Lego Plan
Northeast Elevation Elevation Cross-section looking SW Elevation

Other Castle Tioram pages:
http://www.moidart.org.uk/datasets/tioram.htm
https://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/acharacle/castletioram/index.html
http://www.castlesfortsbattles.co.uk/highland/castle_tioram.html
https://www.wildlochaber.com/ardnamurchan/history/castle-tioram
http://www.tioram.org/index.html

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Castles created by Robert Carney
Page designed by Robert Carney &
Anne Sullivan
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Robert Carney